UNIT 5: Discourse Analysis.
Sociological discourse analysis
This level of discourse analysis makes reference to the aspects that condition the speech or dialogue of one or more entities, being the two major points of this plane the Universes and the Power.
We have on one hand the power, not as strength but rather as a combination of hierarchy and knowledge that one entity has and therefore, uses to make others follow the command given by its discourse.
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For instance, Humanity was geocentric long ago, and when Galileo Galilei established the heliocentric model, everyone went bananas and forced him to testify he was mistaken. Even if later it was probed that he was correct, that doesn’t change the fact he didn’t have the power to reach others with his discourse at that time.
On the contrary, the philosopher Jürgen Habermas considered discourse as a way to collect ideas from entities that share a language.
An example of this formulation could be the Lumière brothers; while one of them was a physicist and the other an accountant, the two of them created not only cinema but also the commercial colored photos.
On the other hand, a universe describes the various factors that exist during the discourse, for example: the time and place; but the funny part begins when discursive universes arrive. These universes follow the same goal that we described before, but now we have multiples of those conveying a discourse.
For example: let’s imagine that yesterday you had dinner with your dad, and you told him to take care because you heard that the news’ reporter said “crime is getting worse than ever”. So, we have several universes in there; first we have your reality, the universe in which you are living, with the time and space that you are using while reading that example; then we have the example’s fictional universe in which you had dinner with your dad; we also have a universe constituted by the time and space in which your fictional contraposition heard the news reporter; we have the discursive universe in which the reporter said “crime is getting worse than ever” as well, and finally that “ever” constitutes another universe, because it involves all the previous times when crime was not that bad.